However, these trees are further categorized into coniferous-deciduous, evergreen and broadleaf species. b) Most people lived in one zone. These are the bioclimatic zones known as the Saharan, Sahelian, Sudanian, Guinean, and Guineo-Congolian Regions, shown in the map above. shən ‚zōn] (ecology) An extensive, even transcontinental, band of physiognomically similar vegetation on the earth's surface. West Africa's climate is controlled by the interaction of two air masses, the influence of which varies throughout the year with the north-south movement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). This list is generated based on data provided by CrossRef. The wet period for that zone lasts just three months, which results in little to no vegetation. Battuta and his caravan set out in February. West Africa is one of the most economically important fishing zones in the world, producing 4.5 million tons of fish in 2000. answer choices . Its complex terrain, unequaled in the rest of Africa, results in a huge diversity of climatic conditions that steer a wide range of vegetation landscapes, biodiversity and human occupations. West Africa or Western Africa is the westernmost region of Africa.The United Nations defines Western Africa as the 16 countries of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo as well as Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. Margaret Steentoft. The main physical features include the Sahara Desert and the Niger River. answer choices . the scientists were able to determine that the vegetation density in the West African Sahel increased from 1982 to . The region of West Africa includes the southern portion of the bulge of the continent, which extends westward to the Atlantic Ocean. A vegetation zone of tall grasses and scattered trees, with a long rainy season. Flowering Plants in West Africa. The north part of the region is a transitional zone to make way for the Sahara Desert. The United States, for example, is usually divided into 10 vegetation zones. The rulers of some trading cities in West Africa became wealthy by collecting taxes from the goods that were bought and sold. Of the total land area of the continent, forests cover about one-fifth; woodlands, bushlands, grasslands, and thickets about two-fifths; and deserts and their . . ; 8 Which climate zone does Africa fall? The current version is 2.0. What was one economic effect of the four vegetation zones in West Africa? . Giresse et al. Mangrove Swamps The only tree species, silver tree ( Leucadendron argenteum ), is found on the slopes of Table Mountain. LAI corresponds to . ; 2 What are the 4 major climate zones? Giorgi, F. & Wisser, D. Projected robust shift of climate zones over West Africa in response to anthropogenic climate . 3.1. A semidesert is a somewhat less dry zone of grasses and shrubs. There is few or no people in this zone. West Africa includes 16 countries and one dependency. There are four different climates region including humid, tropical, savanna, desert, and steppe. The Sahara is the worlds largest desert. We can now confirm, based on the highly diverse range of . Most gardeners look at a map of vegetation zones before planting any flowers, trees, or vegetables. SUBTROPICAL STEPPE . Climate and Vegetation. Discover the distribution of plant and animal life across the Middle Eastern and African landscape. In North West Africa, the hilly belts support forests of evergreen oak, including cork oak and cedar, although they are now much reduced by clearing and grazing. Four types of zones are especially important for our study of West Africa because of their effect on life there. West Africa's climate is controlled by the interaction of two air masses, the influence of which varies throughout the year with the north-south movement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). posits reported in 'Nest Africa. Though its power and wealth were vast, it was only the first of a number of empires to arise in the region. You can roughly translate the USDA hardiness zones by finding out how low your area's temperatures can reach, and then use the chart below to find your corresponding zone. ; 7 What is the major climate of Africa? The vegetation in the Southwest corner is similar . Climate and Vegetation of Africa - Exploring Africa Climate and Vegetation of Africa Carefully study the climate/vegetation map of Africa and answer the following questions. In many areas of Southwest Asia, irrigation has transformed the deserts into productive farmland. In West Africa, the forest zone refers to the southern part of the region once covered by tropical rainforest. Water in the northern part of West Africa is very rare. It is often called the lily-of-the-Nile or the African lily and grows best in warm areas such as USDA zones . Mean annual rainfall 1981-2014, with number of months of 50 mm or more of rainfall. . This map is based on the USDA Hardiness Zone Map, and the map covers Africa which ranges from Zone 2a to Zone 10b. savanna. Sahel's vegetation consists mainly of grass, shrubs, and thorny trees such as acacias. African vegetation develops in direct response to the interacting effects of rainfall, temperature, topography, and type of soil; it is further modified by the incidence of fire, human agriculture, and grazing and browsing by livestock. This symmetry is, however, imperfect because of a third factor—the great east . the scientists were able to determine that the vegetation density in the West African Sahel increased from 1982 to . 0 Reviews. Which product of West Africa was most important in the trade across the Sahara? The savanna-forest boundary in West Africa is one of its most remarkable geographical features. The Ghana Empire (790-1076 CE) was responsible for one of the early consolidations of power in West Africa. Contents. 1 What Are The 4 Major Climate Zones Of Africa? ; 6 How many major climate zones are there? Southern Africa Temperate Forest and Protected Areas. Not the least significant feature, in sharp contrast with many other zones of vegetation change, . Complete deforestation would also lead to a reduction in the duration of the . ; 9 What climate is it in Africa? The United Nations Geoscheme divides Africa into 5 subregions: Northern Africa, West Africa, East Africa, Middle Africa, and Southern Africa. ), two of them ar e regional cen- tres of endemism,the other two are regional transition zones (South to North): In Côte d'Ivoire about 41 % of the country belongs. In the southern part of the region, the geography of the land turns into high savanna grasslands. The current version is 2.0. Wiki User. THE VEGETATION ZONES OF GHANA . What was one economic effect of the 4 vegetation zones in West Africa? Africa: Climate and Vegetation. The Soudan-Sahel zone in West Africa would lose up to 40% of its annual rainfall in the extreme scenario of complete forest loss. First, most of the continent—which extends from 35° S to about 37° N latitude—lies within the tropics. There are four different climates region including humid, tropical, savanna, desert, and steppe. It's a warm place with warm climates. See answer (1) Best Answer. These Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FPAR) images show characteristics of vegetation in Africa during December 2000. West Africa has five different climate and vegetation zones, which extend like belts from west to east. The entire West African region is fairly low, and most of its high points are around 5,000 feet, but the highest mainland mountain is 6,381 feet, in Senegal . The zone supports large numbers of livestock, mostly zebu and zebu-Shorthorn crosses, sheep, goats and a few pigs. Compare. The vegetation of East Africa covers the full range between rainfall forest and semi desert vegetation, . Classified Landsat scenes for the eastern two-thirds of the state . Eastern Africa, classically presented as a major dry climate anomaly region in the otherwise wet equatorial belt, is a transition zone between the monsoon domains of West Africa and the Indian Ocean. The environments in Africa and the Middle East are home to a diverse array of plant and animal life. . ; 5 What is the 4 climate? There is a nar row margin of low coastal plain, usually less than 25 miles wide, and the lower Niger basin which are below 600 feet in elevation. After the Ghana Empire came the Mali Empire (1230-1600 CE), which was known for its wealth and size. This map is based on the USDA Hardiness Zone Map, and the map covers Africa which ranges from Zone 2a to Zone 10b. This region is bisected by the African Transition Zone, which borders the southern edge of the Sahara Desert. Africa, in case you forgot what it looks like: 3. What are the four (vegetation) zones of Africa? oil. The five regions of Africa. Plant communities assembled into regional patterns by the area's physiography, geological parent material, and history. Sometimes this region is referred to as Guinea to distinguish it from the grassland-covered Sudan, drier Sahel and per-arid Sahara. ; 3 What are all the climate zones in Africa? Alluvial deposits are found near the mouths of many of the rivers, especially the Niger. it's is made-up of vegetation having mainly trees and consist of the following local biotic communities . 4. Cambridge University Press, Jun 9, 1988 - Nature - 344 pages. These are the bioclimatic zones known as the Saharan, Sahelian, Sudanian, Guinean, and Guineo-Congolian Regions, shown in the map above. Pollen-based reconstructions of vegetation zones are available from various sources for the period . savanna,temperate grasslands,africas tropical forest,and mediteranean. These trees are classified into the top, middle and lower layers based on the level of the forest where they . Trees that are found in the zone of Forest Vegetation are; willows, lichens, birches, mahogany, rosewoods, mosses, oaks, maple, mangroves and ashes. c) Most people lived as nomads. Evergreen shrubs with hard and usually small leaves are common as growth is slow but continuous throughout the year. . Kaplan, Lawrence Yarnell, Richard A. Morton, Julia F. and Schultes, Richard Evans 1989. . four vegetation zones (Fig. Africa has numerous flowering species of natural beauty from the South to the West that will fill you with wonder. ; 9 What climate is it in Africa? clothing <p>oil</p> alternatives Vegetation zones divide land according to temperature and precipitation. South Africa vegetation (Maps covering Baviaanskloof Mega-Reserve, South Africa and Nambia vegetation types, Mpumalanga vegetation, and Little Karoo) Southern Africa : Normalised Difference Vegetation. Hot, dry . ; 6 How many major climate zones are there? The clarity with which the boundary is defined, whether seen from the air or from ground level, is, throughout most of its length, most striking. 4. The natural vegetation zones in West Africa (Gulf of Guinea to the Mediterranean) are described as they were before man, but under present climate conditions. Life thrives when rain falls. Regions climate are zonal (meaning organized by zones. To the north of the empires, in the desert of the Sahara , salt deposits were mined. This vegetation zone can be seen in the Niger-Benue stretch system of South-West Nigeria. Nearly one third of Africa is desert of semi-desert. 1 Warner: Vegetation and Agriculture of Liberia and Adjacent West Africa West African Vegetation - A vegetation data network for West Africa This is a database for vegetation data from West Africa, i.e. Hot, dry . The ITCZ (also known as the heat Equator) moves between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn depending on the season. With their wealth, they could afford to raise large armies. The three vegetation zones in West Africa are desert, grasslands, and forests. Sand dunes cover one-quarter of the Sahara, but this desert also has bare, rocky plains, and even mountains. This answer is: Helpful ( 2) The Sahel lies in the semi-arid zone just south of the desert and arid zone. LAI corresponds to . These Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FPAR) images show characteristics of vegetation in Africa during December 2000. . rain forest. The vegetation and animals living in the desert can survive on little water and in extreme temperatures. woodland . There is a nar row margin of low coastal plain, usually less than 25 miles wide, and the lower Niger basin which are below 600 feet in elevation. The upper limits of plant growth in East Africa are between 4400 - 4500 metres. The Great Lakes and Nile River, for instance, support huge freshwater fisheries. Bioclimatic regions of West Africa. ; 8 Which climate zone does Africa fall? posits reported in 'Nest Africa. Regions climate are zonal (meaning organized by zones. The Sahara spreads across approximately 3.5 million square miles in North Africa and the northern part of West Africa. The map distinguishes 48 vegetation types, divided in four main vegetation groups: 16 forest types, 15 woodland and wooded grassland types, 5 bushland and thicket types and 12 other types. From north to south — from the Sahara to the humid southern coast — West Africa can be subdivided into five broad east-west belts that characterize the climate and the vegetation. Furthermore, a number of compound vegetation types are mapped, which include vegetation mosaics, catena's and transitional zones. Vegetation, Farming, and Water in West Africa Within the region of West Africa, the environment ranges from lush tropical rainforests to arid desert. Other plants in this zone include giant lobelia, giant groundsel, and bromeliad (Heath and moorland. Marine fisheries are important to many coastal countries in Africa. On your map label: the Sahara Desert the Ogaden Desert the Namib and Kalahari Deserts In view of this, it You can roughly translate the USDA hardiness zones by finding out how low your area's temperatures can reach, and then use the chart below to find your corresponding zone. Many people lived in the well-watered savannas of the West African empires, where crops were grown. Contents. The map distinguishes 48 vegetation types, divided in four main vegetation groups: 16 forest types, 15 woodland and wooded grassland types, 5 bushland and thicket types and 12 other types. The tropical evergreen forests are home to a great number of tree species. The lines between these regions represent more of a transition along a continuous ecological gradient than sharp boundaries. tropical area. The main crops are millet, sorghum, groundnuts, cotton, beans and rice; plantation crops are mango, cashew and kapok. The different vegetation zones of western Africa influenced patterns of settlement and trade. The West African section of the Sahel zone located at the southernmost edge of the Sahara, which extends from the Atlantic to the Red Sea, has been the source of reason for a wide variety of prognoses over the recent years. In South Africa, the prevalent vegetation of this zone is fynbos, sclerophyllous shrublands 1 to 4 m high, with the main shrub genera Protea, Cliffortia, Muraltia, Leucospermum, Restio, Erica and Serruria. . Cabo Verde is West Africa's least populous country. From the Sahel southwards these. Deserts are sandy, hot, and dry. His most challenging obstacle was the Sahara, a desert nearly the same size as the continental United States. West Africa. A HUMAN PERSPECTIVE In 1352, 48-year-old Ibn Battuta, a great traveler from Morocco, set out for the empire of Mali in West Africa. There are 54 countries in Africa. Mean annual rainfall 1981-2014, with number of months of 50 mm or more of rainfall. You need to create a free account to access the full functionality of the database. 1 What Are The 4 Major Climate Zones Of Africa? The Nigerian city of Lagos, with a population of approximately 9 million, is the largest city in Africa. The vegetation is mainly grassland with some shrubs and acacia trees. Africa straddles the Equator from 37⁰ N to 34⁰ S. Africa has two Sub-tropical belts with the ITCZ somewhat equidistant from the two high pressure zones. phytosociological and dendrometric relevés as well as floristic inventories. Life thrives when rain falls. Where is the largest vegetation region? What are the 3 vegetation zones in Africa? Most of the flora and fauna found in West Africa today descended from plant and animal species that were present on the continent when it separated from other land masses during the breakup of Gondwanaland, roughly 150 million years ago (Le Houérou, 2009). An estimated 1.369 billion people live in Africa. Discovering the fantastic diversity and beauty of Africa's flowering plants is a journey of intrigue and marvel. "It has allowed us to go beyond the identification of meals thought to consist mainly of meat and starchy plants. In a new study covering a large part of the semi-arid Sahara-Sahel-Sudanian zone of West Africa, published in Nature in October 2020, an international group of researchers was able to overcome . Africa: Climate and Vegetation. In Africa, rainfall is the most important factor that affects where people and animals live, and influences patterns of plant growth. These armies could conquer other trading areas nearby. The northern most zone lies within the Sahara Desert. West Africa includes varied vegetation zones of desert, semidesert, savanna, and forest. Yet this critical livelihood is increasingly threatened by a host of modern pressures like climate change, growing extractive industry, and arms proliferation. West Africa: Land Use and Land Cover Dynamics. Click card to see definition The Sahara, Sahel, Savannah, and the Rain Forest Click again to see term 1/5 Vegetation cover is a crucial component of the Earth's climate system but, still, our understanding of the mechanisms governing the reciprocal influence between atmosphere and vegetation is limited. The largest is the desert and arid zone, which covers most of northern Africa. ; 4 What are the 4 major climate zones of West Africa? Come explore Africa's ecosystems and vegetation zones. Africa plant hardiness zones for gardeners. Flowering Plants in West Africa. Africa has fisheries on all its marine coasts, as well as inland. This vegetation zone can be seen from the Niger-Benin Republic border. This is the area of massive uplift over Africa and very high rainfall . ∙ 2010-11-29 00:10:04. Climate and Vegetation. Drivers of vegetation change in West African croplands (2000-2018). The three vegetation zones in West Africa are desert, grasslands, and forests. SAFARI 2000 NBI Vegetation Map of the Savannahs of Southern Africa. West Africa: Land Use and Land Cover Dynamics. Alluvial deposits are found near the mouths of many of the rivers, especially the Niger. The northern most zone lies within the Sahara Desert. The Highs and Lows in West Africa. gold. ; 2 What are the 4 major climate zones? In Africa, rainfall is the most important factor that affects where people and animals live, and influences patterns of plant growth. (1982) (discussed further by Preuss 1990) in a core taken at the mouth of the Niger River, found oxygen isotope evidence of a great reduction in water flow down through the Niger River for the period around the LGM. This volume is an account of the flowering plant flora of West Africa south of the Sahara (Gambia-Nigeria inclusive) with the emphasis upon species of ecological or economic importance. This book has been cited by the following publications. Because the region is so dry, its rivers do not flow year round. Scientists divide the earth into number of different vegetation zones. . The Sahara is the worlds largest desert. Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa, while the Seychelles is the least populous. McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific & Technical Terms, 6E . ; 4 What are the 4 major climate zones of West Africa? a) People from different zones traded with each other. A number of factors influence the climate of the African continent. The map derives from the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department effort to categorize and map existing vegetation (habitat) types statewide using organized ground-truth procedures and recent technology involving Landsat (earth satellite) data and computer classification analyses. About 411 million people live in West Africa. Nigeria is the most populous country in both West African and Africa as a whole. The four main climate zones of Africa are semi-arid, desert and arid, subhumid and humid. timber. The plant and animal life depend on a regions climate, landscape, and latitude.Plants and animals have adapted to life in these climates, often developing features to help them to survive. Vegetation zones, also called hardiness zones, are smaller, more-detailed vegetation regions. Copy. Furthermore, a number of compound vegetation types are mapped, which include vegetation mosaics, catena's and transitional zones. Scrub vegetation is small shrubs and desert grasses. The West African section of the Sahel zone located at the southernmost edge of the Sahara, which extends from the Atlantic to the Red Sea, has been the source of reason for a wide variety of prognoses over the recent years. The vegetation covariates were realigned to the spatial and temporal resolution of climate covariates by computing the mean within 50 . Africa plant hardiness zones for gardeners. called the Sahel (indicated roughly by the orange, yellow, and light green bands in the map above). Second, the near bisection of the continent by the Equator results in a largely symmetrical arrangement of climatic zones on either side. . Regions above this zone are generally too dry to farm, so people . In West Africa, this zone is called the Sahel. There is few or no people in this zone. Several vegetation zones form belts across Africa (see the second map on the opposite page). ; 3 What are all the climate zones in Africa? Africa's pattern of vegetation zones largely mirrors its climate zones. Study the Map Skills on page 494 to learn more about desert vegetation. ; 7 What is the major climate of Africa? 1 Warner: Vegetation and Agriculture of Liberia and Adjacent West Africa The Subhumid Zone ; 5 What is the 4 climate? Study the six main vegetation types found in Ghana and know the crops that thrive well in those areas. d) People from different zones spoke different languages. The population of West Africa is estimated at . Geography of West Africa. 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